Wiley 978-0-470-48163-9 Arkusz Danych

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Information Systems
Modeling
To provide a foundation for the discussions throughout this book, this chapter begins by defining
what is actually meant by the term information system. The focus is on model-driven e ngineering
of the software component of information systems. This chapter also introduces and describes the
very notion of modeling. The chapter concludes with a brief discussion about software engineering
processes, an important aspect of building successful information systems.
Definition of Information Systems
Information systems have played a key role in the history of computers and their use in every-
day human activities. It is hard to imagine even a small company, institution, or organization that
does not have a need for storing and using information of a different kind. We are all witnesses
of the tremendous improvement of computer and communication technology, which support
ever-increasing demands of human community for interchanging and utilizing information. It
is not necessary to discuss the role and importance of information systems such as healthcare
systems, enterprise systems, banking and financial systems, educational info rmation systems,
customer-support systems, governmental systems, and many other kinds of information systems
(see Figure 1-1).
Trying to catch up with the importance and e ver-emerging demand for improved functionality
and performance of such systems, the hardware and software technology for their implementation
seem to constantly stay behind. It has always been a question of how to improve the technology
(especially that for software development) to meet the users’ needs. Because this question defines
the scope of this book, before trying to answer it, it is necessary to set up the context and define what
information systems really are.
First and foremost, information syste ms a re systems. A system is a set of elements organized to
cooperate in order to accomplish a specific purpose. Elements of a system collaborate synergistically,
in a manner that provides a behavior and quality bigger than the sum of its parts. It is likely that a
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Strona 1 - COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL

Information SystemsModelingTo provide a foundation for the discussions throughout this book, this chapter begins by definingwhat is actually meant by t

Strona 2 - Part I: Introduction

Part I: IntroductionProcesses and MethodsA modeling language is just a vehicle for modeling. It only specifies the concepts that can be used inmodeling

Strona 3 - Modeling

Chapter 1: Information Systems ModelingSection Summary❑ A process is a set of partially ordered steps intended to efficiently and pre-dictably deliver

Strona 5

Part I: Introductionparticular part of a complex information system (such as a piece of hardware or software) may be of nouse if it is taken without t

Strona 6

Chapter 1: Information Systems ModelingSection Summary❑ An information system is a computer-based system primarily dealing withlarge amounts of data t

Strona 7 - Modeling Paradigms

Part I: Introduction❑ Models give templates that guide in constructing systems (construction).❑ Models document the design decisions that have been ma

Strona 8

Chapter 1: Information Systems Modelingfrom the problem domain. In that case, the development requires a big mental effort because the modelersmust ta

Strona 9

Part I: Introductiontreated as executable, although it is not directly executed by hardware. This is because the model impliesan automatically achieva

Strona 10 - Processes and Methods

Chapter 1: Information Systems Modeling(a)(b)company employee0..1∗worksForCompanyname : Textaddress : Textclass Company {public: String name; String

Strona 11 - Section Summary

Part I: IntroductioncancelacceptrejecttakeOverProcessingSubmittedInApprovalCanceledAcceptedRejectedSuspendedsuspendresumeH(a)(b)switch (state) { case

Strona 12

Chapter 1: Information Systems Modelingsubprogram invocation, recursion, and so on. Many programming languages that fall in this category(for example,

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